Intellectual Property
Types of Intellectual Property
Copyright
Copyright applies to works set down in tangible form. It can be a manuscript, choreography reduced to appropriate notation, a painting, sculpture, a text book, software, etc. To ensure protection, the copyright should be registered with the Library of Congress Copyright Office. More information can be found here
Distance education information
TSUS rule (.pdf format)
Trademark
Trademarks protect words, names, symbols, sounds, or colors that distinguish goods and services from those manufactured or sold by others and to indicate the source of the goods. Trademarks, unlike patents, can be renewed forever as long as they are being used in commerce. (USPTO website glossary)
If you need to register a trademark, please contact the Contract and IP specialist in OTC.
Trade Secret
A trade secret may be any form of intellectual property that is kept secret for competitive business reasons. Trade secrets may only be protected as long as they remain secret. Because university work is done for public benefit, it is rare for a trade secret to be maintained.
Patent
A patent is a property right granted by the US government that allows the owner to exclude others from using, making or offering the patented design, process or utility for sale. Patents are applied for a limited time, typically 20 years, and require public disclosure of the information.
A patent must be filed within 1 year of first public disclosure and pass the "obviousness" test. A patent may not be granted for applications that would be an obvious step or improvement for someone skilled in the art.
Patents can be filed for invention designs, processes or utilities (novel use). Typically, software is not patentable.
For more information on patents, visit the US Patent Office website
If you have questions, please contact the Contract and IP specialist in OTC.
University patent policy can be found here: Regents Rules, Section III, 10.1-6, 11.1-18.
Mask Works
The United States Code (USC) defines a mask work as "a series of related images, however fixed or encoded, having or representing the predetermined, three-dimensional pattern of metallic, insulating, or semiconductor material present or removed from the layers of a semiconductor chip product, and in which the relation of the images to one another is such that each image has the pattern of the surface of one form of the semiconductor chip product" (17 USC § 901 (a) (2)).